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Marj ((アラビア語:المرج) ', (英語:The Meadows)), also spelt ''El Merj'', generally believed to be on the site of the ancient city of Barca or Barce, is a city in northeastern Libya and the administrative seat of the Marj District.〔Room, Adrian (2006) "Al Marj" ''Placenames of the world: origins and meanings of the names for 6,600 countries, cities, territories, natural features, and historic sites'' (2nd edition) McFarland, Jefferson, North Carolina, (p. 26 ), ISBN 0-7864-2248-3〕 It lies in an upland valley separated from the Mediterranean Sea by a range of hills, part of the Jebel Akhdar Mountains. It has an estimated population of 85,315 ().〔 There are a couple of banks on the main street and the main post office is in the city centre, not far from the Abu Bakr Assiddiq mosque.〔Pliez, Olivier (ed.) (2009) "Al Marj" ''Le Petit Futé Libye'' Petit Futé, Paris, (p. 237 ), ISBN 2-7469-2276-2; in French〕 ==History== According to most archeologists, Marj marks the site of the ancient city of Barca, which, however, according to Alexander Graham, was at Tolmeita (Ptolemais).〔Graham, Alexander (1902) ''Roman Africa: an outline of the history of the Roman occupation of North Africa, based chiefly upon inscriptions and monumental remains in that country'' Longmans, Green, and Co., London, (p. 312 ), 〕 Marj grew around a Turkish fort built in 1842 and now restored. During the colonial dominance of Libya (1913–41), the town was called Barce and was developed as an administrative and market centre and hill resort. During the World War II North African campaign, the 1st Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery won a battle for the region of Barce on 5 February 1941. The regiment commemorates this battle by naming the facilities at its base at Enoggera as Barce Lines. From 1942–1943, the town was the capital of British-occupied Cyrenaica.〔Stewart, John (1996) "Cyrenaica" ''The British Empire: an encyclopedia of the Crown's holdings, 1493 through 1995'' McFarland & Co., Jefferson, North Carolina, p. 125, ISBN 0-7864-0177-X〕 Most of it was destroyed〔 by a 5.6 earthquake on 21 February 1963,〔(Earthquake at USGS )〕 which killed some 300 people and injured 500 more.〔Hewitt, Kenneth (1983) "Seismic Risk and Mountain Environments: The Role of Surface Conditions in Earthquake Disaster" ''Mountain Research and Development'' 3(1): pp. 27-44, p. 30〕 Major rebuilding was undertaken about from the old site, and was completed about 1970. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marj」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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